Volume 48, No 3, 2026, Pages 615-631
Download full text in PDFGreenly Synthesized Lilium candidum L. - Derived Silver Nanoparticles as Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors and Surface Protectants for Industrial Applications
Authors:
Rabab M. Nasser 
DOI: 10.24874/ti.2055.10.25.01
28 October 2025
Revised: 19 December 2025
Accepted: 30 January 2026
Published: 15 September 2026
Abstract:
This study explores a green, sustainable method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using ethanolic extracts from Lilium candidum L. leaves (LL), stems (SL), and flowers (ZL), which serve as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. Characterization via UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, DLS, and TEM confirmed the formation of spherical AgNPs (20–60 nm) with a face-centered cubic structure. The biosynthesized AgNPs displayed significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, and A. fumigatus, with inhibition zones reaching 27 ± 1.5 mm at 250 µg/mL. Additionally, corrosion inhibition studies on mild steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl revealed that efficiency (IE%) depends on inhibitor type, concentration, and immersion time. At 0.03 g/L after 24 hours, crude extracts showed IE% values of 80% (LL), 73% (SL), and 67% (ZL). Their AgNPs derivatives significantly enhanced performance, achieving 94.7% (L-AgNPs), 93.3% (S-AgNPs), and 89.23% (Z-AgNPs). Protection improved with higher concentrations until surface saturation but gradually decreased over prolonged exposure (24–72 hours). The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm, suggesting a spontaneous and predominantly physisorptive interaction between the inhibitors and the metal surface. These results highlight the dual potential of L. candidum-mediated AgNPs as potent antifungal agents and high-efficiency corrosion inhibitors.
Keywords:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), Green synthesis, Lilium candidum L., Corrosion inhibition, Antifungal activity, Sustainable materials, Surface protection, Industrial applications
